Themes in Shakespeares Macbeth - 1043 Words

MacBeth is one of the most renowned plays in history, written by famous playwright William Shakespeare. It is a story of betrayal, tyranny, murder and deadly ambition. These four themes make this tragedy a great resource for studying the darker side of humanity, and why we resort to such measures. While studying the play, I gained many insights into humanity, and will highlight three in-depth. Firstly, I saw the negative effects of uncontrolled ambition. MacBeth, the valiant warrior, hero of Scotland and the idol for young warriors, turned into a murderous, despised tyrant. Secondly, I learnt that murder changes people. There are two instances in MacBeth where murder changed the murderer. And thirdly, I learnt that there is no point to†¦show more content†¦King Edward of England is well respected and well liked, whereas Macbeth is looked upon as a throne stealing tyrant, and is not very well liked by his people When Macbeth became King of Scotland, the majority of people had heard of his conquests for Scotland, and were happy to have him as King. But it was the minority he had to worry about. The thanes of Scotland and the deceased king’s two messengers, Ross and Lennox, are all suspicious about Macbeth’s involvement in Duncan’s death. When the English army started moving out of Birnam woods, Macbeth’s army didn’t want to fight for him, because they thought of him as a cruel leader who wasn’t deserving of their protection. As a result, it left the castle unguarded and Macbeth was exposed to the leaders of the army, to whom he eventually fell to. This part of the play highlighted to me that a chain is only as strong as its weakest link. Metaphorically interpreting this quote into the play symbolises Scotland as the chain, with Macbeth being the strongest link, but being held back by the weakest link, his people. In conclusion, Macbeth is a great play to watch and enjoy, but it also teaches us a lot about ourselves and the people around us. To really get full valueShow MoreRelatedThe Themes Of Ambition In Shakespeares Macbeth853 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many different themes displayed in Shakespeares famous play Macbeth. Many of these themes play with nature, the supernatural, and fate. From ghosts to horses eating each other the play uses symbolism, language, and characters to portray these themes. During the play the audience learns of several themes such as ambition, guilt, fate versus free will, nature versus the unnatural, and how things are not always as they seem. Anyone who has read or seen Macbeth knows that his great undoingRead MoreThe Themes Of Greed In William Shakespeares Macbeth881 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeares play Macbeth portrays man as a species controlled by ones inner thoughts, greed and ultimately hubris. Mankind is often fueled by desire to acquire more, with little regard to possible negative or evil outcomes. When faced with an uncertain prophecy, Macbeth allows greed to overpower conscience, and ultimately allows malevolent powers within himself to dictate and lead to his demise. Shakespeare personifies the witches- supernatural beings with no agenda, feared greatlyRead MoreThe Theme Of Themes In William Shakespeares Macbeth755 Words   |  4 PagesThe play Macbeth is brilliantly written by William Shakespeare. There are a lot of themes in the play that goes on and teaches about the ambition, the guilt, the fate versus free will concept and how things are not what they seem. All of those factor into how Macb eth is a very interesting and very captivating story. Shortly after Macbeth hears the prophecies of him becoming the Thane of Cawdor and the King of Scotland, and after becoming the Thane of Cawdor a few moments later, he writes a letterRead MoreThe Importance of the Theme of the Supernatural in William Shakespeares Macbeth951 Words   |  4 PagesThe Importance of the Theme of the Supernatural in William Shakespeares Macbeth The supernatural in Elizabethan times was seen as a very real threat to society. The public thought that there were such things as witches who could perform acts of the supernatural such as turning humans into animals and causing changes in the weather. Any mention of the supernatural in these times scared the public and many people, mainly women, were executed on the thought that theyRead MoreSymbolism that Represents the Theme of Corruption in Shakespeares MacBeth1043 Words   |  5 PagesSymbolism in MacBeth Symbolism plays an important role to emphasize the theme of corruption of power in William Shakespeares Macbeth. Throughout the play there are several main symbols repeatedly used to emphasize this theme. The contrast of light and dark representing good and evil, blood representing guilt, murder, and pain, and the archetypal pattern of purification by using water represents removal of guilt, cleansing and peace. Symbolism is used repeatedly to emphasize the theme of corruptionRead MoreTheme of Fair is Foul in William Shakespeares Macbeth Essay2104 Words   |  9 PagesTheme of Fair is Foul in William Shakespeares Macbeth Fair is Foul is the major theme in Macbeth and is present throughout the play in both the characters and the events. Fair is Foul refers to the contrast of good and evil in the play, since Macbeth commits many evil murders for what seem to be good reasons. There are several false and secretive characters, such as the Witches, Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, because of the contradiction of good and evil. Therefore the Read MoreTheme of Social Hierarchy in William Shakespeares Henry V, Twelfth Night and Macbeth1204 Words   |  5 PagesTheme of Social Hierarchy in William Shakespeares Henry V, Twelfth Night and Macbeth Henry V, Twelfth Night, and Macbeth cover the whole field of Shakespearean genres, but it is amazing how Shakespeare displays a theme and carries it through in any kind of play he wants to. Historic, comic, and tragic plays are about as different as you can get, yet when we take a closer look we see many similarities among them, especially in the area of social hierarchy. In all three of these plays, ShakespeareRead MoreA Comparison of Shakespeares Macbeth and Rupert Goolds Film Adaptation 954 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s masterpiece, Macbeth, is a tragedy brilliantly brought to the 21st Century by Rupert Goold. Although Shakespeare’s Macbeth is a play set in 16th Century Scotland, Rupert Goold modernizes the play by changing the setting to a Soviet-styled country and implementing modern elements into the characters and theme. Although Shakespeare’s Macbeth and Rupert Goold’s film adaptation share many ideologies and a general storyline, a difference exists in the setting, the characters, andRead MoreShakespeare Writes About Issues That Are Still Relevant Today1303 Words   |  6 Pagesare still relevant today because his themes are universal, his plays have been updated and remade and there are various schools of thought who argue about his plays. His universal themes of vaulting and corrupting ambition, a reliance on superstition and gender tell us that the play Macbeth explored themes that are still seen in today’s society. The updated and remade film versions of Macbeth (also known as The Tragedy of Macbeth) and Macbeth (BBC’s Shakespeare’s Retold Series) tell us that peopleRead MoreMacbeth Themes899 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"What are the major themes in Macbeth† By Connor Maguire William Shakespeare’s Macbeth a play complete with many themes and viewpoints. The themes are exhibited by the main characters of the play, notably antagonist Macbeth. Themes seen in the play include ambition, where is is portrayed as both dangerous and unnatural. However, it does exist in both good and evil forms in the play. Another theme seen is whether Macbeths actions in the play are a result of fate, or free will. Although outside

Week 5 Analyzing and Interpreting Data - 1752 Words

Analyzing and Interpreting Data Team X QNT/351 Analyzing and Interpreting Data The ultimate goal of descriptive statistics is to describe a set of data, identify patterns, and draw a conclusion, which enables an organization to make effective and informed decisions (McClave, Benson, Sincich, 2011). The company, Ballard Integrated Managed Services (BIMS), a support services company will leverage statistics to gather information on the company’s employees to analyze and identify patterns. The goal of this research project is to determine the reason for the high employee turnover and low morale. The research team has developed a strategy that ensures that the management dilemma will be resolved in the most†¦show more content†¦Second, questions one through ten qualify as ordinal data because of the relative rankings without consistent distances. Finally, the time worked for BIMS qualifies as ratio level data because it is easily ordered, consistent differences and zero is meaningful (McClave, Benson, Sincich, 2011). Each level of data has unique characteristics, which dictate the way the information is calculated, summarized, and presented. Coding and Cleaning the Data Coding the data is a systematic way in which data is condensed into smaller easily analyzed units (Lockyer, 2004). By coding the surveys received by BIMs it enables the company to analyze and interpret the data to draw an informed conclusion. The coding enables the research team to identify mistakes, and outliers, which improves the data’s validity (Lockyer, 2004). To code BIMS’ data, the surveys must be numbered, and all corresponding data must be manually entered into Microsoft Excel, which increases the cost, time, and risk. The data is at risk of being entered incorrectly. Next, the raw data must be cleaned to ensure validity, relevancy, and accuracy. After the data was imported into Excel, the data must be reviewed for mistakes. One error that was identified was that a six was entered into Excel even though a five was observed. By coding and cleaning the data, the researcher will proactively identify errors or outliers while enabling a computer to complete statistical analysis andShow MoreRelatedApplied Statistics in Business and Economics Ch 1944 Words   |  4 Pagesorganizing, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting data.  TRUE 2. Inferential statistics refers to generalizing from a sample to a population, estimating unknown parameters, drawing conclusions, and making decisions.     TRUE 3. Descriptive statistics refers to summarizing data rather than generalizing about the population.   FALSE 4. Estimating parameters and testing hypotheses are important aspects of descriptive statistics.     FALSE 5. Inconsistent treatment of data by a researcherRead MoreWeek 2 Individual Assignment1003 Words   |  5 PagesWeek 2 Individual Assignment Brian Blackwell RES/320 December 17, 2012 Kerry Jones Week 2 Individual Assignment Chapter 5 Discussion Questions 2 and 3. Question 2: Define the distinctions between primary, secondary, and tertiary sources in a secondary search. Primary sources are data that has not been interpreted and are the original research performed. These sources are from the source of the information. The data given from a primary source has not been translated into informationRead MoreSchoology Essay Example1454 Words   |  6 PagesBoard ® Course Description: â€Å"AP ® Seminar is a foundational course that engages students in cross-curricular conversations that explore the complexities of academic and real-world topics and issues by analyzing divergent perspectives. Using an inquiry framework, students practice reading and analyzing articles, research studies, and foundational, literary, and philosophical texts; listening to and viewing speeches, broadcasts, and personal accounts; and experiencing artistic works and performancesRead MoreQNT 351 Week 4 Learning Team Reflection Essay816 Words   |  4 PagesStatistics refers to the use of numerical information in everyday life to calculate facts and figures in limitless cir cumstances. In addition, statistics refers to the scientific collecting, classifying, summarizing, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting numerical data. This week the class’s objectives were to apply the steps in testing a research hypothesis, to compare the means of two or more groups, and to calculate the correlation between two variables. Learning Team D’s members have reflected onRead MoreAccounting Quiz1222 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ ACCT112 Assignment 1 – Weeks 1 and 2 Due at the end of week 2. There are 41 marks. This assignment is worth 5 % of the total grade. True or False: (10 Marks) 1. A balance sheet lists a company’s revenues and expenses for a period of time. FALSE 2. The hiring of a new company president is an economic event recorded by the financial information system. TRUE 3. Accounting communicates financial information about a company to both internal and external users. TRUERead MoreResearch Goals And Strengths And Weaknesses1402 Words   |  6 PagesAlways start with your research goals When analyzing data (whether from questionnaires, interviews, focus groups, or whatever), always start from review of your research goals, i.e., the reason you undertook the research in the first place. This will help you organize your data and focus your analysis. For example, if you wanted to improve a program by identifying its strengths and weaknesses, you can organize data into program strengths, weaknesses and suggestions to improve the program. If youRead MoreBasic Understanding Of Statistics For Managers1553 Words   |  7 Pages Week 5 Assignment - Basic Understanding of Statistics Adam McCartney BUS308: Statistics for Managers Professor Donald Platine August 27th 2016 â€Æ' There was a single introductory course of statistics. We studied the basic principles of statistics to achieve the proper level of understanding. Sometimes the material didn’t come easily because statistics is largely grounded in mathematics. We learnt some basic theories in statistics and their practical applications without significant backgroundRead MoreResearch Project : Using Relatedness Analyses1642 Words   |  7 Pagesand/or disease severity. Motivation Variations in the DNA sequences of humans can affect how humans develop diseases and respond to chemicals, drugs, vaccines, and other agents. SNPs are also critical for personalized medicine. (Carlson, 2008) Analyzing SNP data is extremely significant in biomedical research in which one can compare regions of the genome between cases and matched controls to discover genetic regions correlated with disease status. SNPs have been used in genome-wide association studyRead MoreMy Hiv Social Sba 2013 Full Marks1234 Words   |  5 Pagesquestionnaire. Twenty (20) questionnaires were distributed on the November the 13th 2012 and were completed in a week time. The advantages of my questionnaire were; * It was confidential * It had clear and understandable questions * The villagers were given a period of time, hence the answers were accurate and considered. Task 4 INSTRUMENTS USED TO COLLECT DATA The following is a letter and a questionnaire that were given to twenty (20) people in my area: Dear villager Read MoreResearch Methods Of Quantitative Research1087 Words   |  5 Pages Week 2 Assignment Adam Morrison PSY 326 Research Methods Jessica Lee Qualitative researchers are focused on interpreting and making sense out of what they observe rather than trying to simplify and quantify these observations by collecting and observing people, places and things in their natural setting. In doing this, researchers are able to investigate hypothesis with more freedom and rigidity while accepting the fact that they relinquish their ability to control direct and indirect

Article Summary And Reflection On Representation - 1636 Words

Article Summary and Reflection on Representation†¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨ Naomi de Szegheo-Lang†¨Destiny Simpson - 213121447†¨October 16th, 2014†¨GWST2511 6.00†¨Section A Term Y†¨ INTRODUCTION†¨ Popularity contests are often notable within the modren media industry. This composed report will outline The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception, composed by Theodor Adorno Max Horkheimer with the below objectives. It will investigate representations of Gender and Race. As well, it will provide primary focus on key concepts, such as, â€Å"Mass Production† and â€Å"Culture Industry† . The above will be finished in detail while utilizing Don Scardino s series arrangement: 2 Broke Girls as an essential case/ spotlight and both Theodor Adorno Max Horkheimer’s The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception.†¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨SUMMARY†¨ A main concern of The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception is the expression of what is viewed as a Culture Industry. The term Culture Industry is expected to allude to the business showcasing of society, the spectrum of the industry that deals particularly with the generation of society that is rather than what’s considered to beAuthentic Culture. In The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception both Horkheimer and Adorno argue that mechanically delivered society denies individuals of their creative ability and assumes control over their reasoning for them. The Culture Industry conveys the products. In turnShow MoreRelatedMisrepresentation Of Adult Men And Women731 Words   |  3 PagesThis purpose of this article and study is to investigate the photographic representation of adult men and women in their indicative areas of power in the fifty years of issues of the Music Edicators Journal. 1 Within the disaggregated data are found inequitable representations of females in comparison with males. 2 Data not only included quantitative and qualitative elements, but also used photographs as part of the data to give credence to this misrepresentation of the female. 3 As the various categoriesRead MoreMajor Economic Journal : Business And Economics Journal907 Words   |  4 PagesBusiness and Economics Journal The first journal I found was Business and Economics Journal which is an open access publisher. The main side gives an overview of useful links like most viewed article, indexing and archiving, eBook etc. Followed by article recommendations based on categories: †¢ Accounting †¢ Business Management †¢ Economics †¢ Finance †¢ Management †¢ Marketing Pursued by a tweet section, Editor Board, and other important information. Nevertheless, this webpage representsRead MoreMy Interpretation Of Critical Thinking1482 Words   |  6 Pagesconcepts, descriptions, or other forms of representation intended to express belief, judgment, experiences, reasons, information, or opinions.† It looks like the author uses this to understand un-stated assumption making a way to show the end result and showing the sentences and what they have in common. Another term required to learn by the author evaluation which the experts consider an assessment that the credibility of statements or other representations that are accounts or descriptions of a personRead MoreReflection Paper On Aging1710 Words   |  7 Pagesof my paper would be conducting a critical analysis on the movie Last Vegas such as implications on embodied movement through aging experience as well as theoretically explaining and or critic its relevance to the course materials/ concepts. This reflection paper would amplify on the course theories including a ging as an accomplishment, impression management, stigma management, and stereotype embodiment. 2. Connection to Course Concept I. The aging body as an accomplishment The concept of theRead MoreIs Ageism Against The Older People Could Potentially Be Reversed Through The Participation Of A Lifespan Human Development Course1620 Words   |  7 PagesIn this article, the author examine if negative attitudes towards older people could potentially be reversed through the participation in a Lifespan Human Development Course. He states that research findings shows that a prevailing factor that is affecting the elder population today is ageism. Researchers found, that the younger generation, 35 years and younger, are judgmental and in many cases disrespectful and hold some form of prejudice towards older adults. 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The Association had an informal way of going about things. It had a live through approach and created an environment of respect, opportunity and equality. In the early years, with a re latively small case-load, itRead MoreAnalysis Of Disney s The Outer Shell Of Innocence 1427 Words   |  6 Pagessuccess. The Walt Disney Company uses many rhetorical strategies to appeal to the consumer to increase sales and popularity, both in and outside of Disney movies. In many of the films, conventional representations of female gender roles are conveyed to young female viewers. An unrealistic representation of the ideal female figure and inaccurate racial depictions are also illustrated in numerous films and princess paraphernalia. Young girls often identify with these beloved characters, thereby affectingRead MoreDivorce And The Divorce Process1471 Words   |  6 Pagesentire process to finalize. In some states, the divorce process can be expedited by couples who meet the criteria for a Summary or Simplified Divorce. Couples must file jointly with the court and must have been married for a short time; such as five years or less. They have no children together and have li ttle debt and few assets. Little paperwork is involved; in fact, forms for a Summary Divorce can be filled out and filed in the local family court. Legal council is not required. If a couple does haveRead MoreTeaching Education At The University Of Virginia s College At Wise Essay1532 Words   |  7 Pagesstudents to have some knowledge of the male and female forms of authorship, and what that entails. I want to make sure that I have a broad spectrum of authors in the canon of the literature I cover. I want to focus mainly on gender binaries and representations in various forms of literature. I think that looking at the way gender is portrayed in a novel is crucial to understanding the message behind the work. I believe that culture has instilled generalized perceptions about gender and I want my students

Taking a Look at Substance Abuse - 693 Words

According to the United Nation, drug abuse kills 200,000 people worldwide each year. Substance abuse is a huge issue we are fighting in today’s world that everyone seems to ignore or pretends not to notice. Although there are many factors to contribute to someone’s drug addiction, fortunately many treatments are available to save that person from the horrible life they would suffer from. Substance abuse is not just heroine, amphetamines or cocaine it also could be alcohol, prescription pills or club pills (roofies, ecstasy, LSD†¦). These are just to name some of the many types of drugs people get addicted too. There are many Symptoms and behavioral signs you can notice that will help you point out if a friend or loved one has a substance abuse problem. For example, they could have a change of friends and are hanging with a new crowd. You could also notice they are starting to lie or steal from you. Spending money they do not have on drugs or doing things out of their normal behavior, for example prostituting. The individual could also have signs of needle marks on their upper arm, which can cause the skin to turn into abscesses that will leave scars. A plain and obvious symptom is the individual is intoxicated, delirious or unconscious in front of you. Possible causes that can contribute to someone becoming a substance abuser include, depression, stress or peer pressure. Depression could come from a death or loss, social isolation, past physical or sexual abuse. Stress couldShow MoreRelatedEssay on Prescription Drug Abuse1318 Words   |  6 Pages Prescription drug abuse has become increasingly prevalent among teens in the county. There has been an increase in the abuse of prescription drugs for a number of reasons. Some individuals who misuse prescription drugs believe they are safer than other illicit drugs because they are prescribed by a healthcare professional and dispensed by a pharmacist. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has classified this prescription drug abuse as an epidemic. More and more teens are becoming addictedRead MoreSubstance Abuse and Chemical Dependency1703 Words   |  7 Pageswebsite, Substance abuse is used to describe a pattern of substance (drug) use leading to significant problems or d istress such as failure to attend work/school, substance use in dangerous situations (driving a car), substance-related legal problems, or continued substance use that interferes with friendships and or family relationships. Substance abuse, as a disorder, refers to the abuse of illegal substances or the abusive use of legal substances. Alcohol is the most common legal drug of abuse. ChemicalRead MoreSubstance Abuse During The Medical Profession1401 Words   |  6 PagesIn many places around the world substance abuse has become a frequent issue. Many people may not be aware of substance abuse in nurses, from prescription drugs to alcohol and even cigarettes. Abuse from nurses poses a new challenge to the profession due to their jobs as caretakers and their access to controlled substances. It is a perplexing thought that people whose profession is to care for other don’t do the same for themselves. Nurses do in fact have stressful jobs, however, it is certainly unexpectedRead MoreSubstance Abuse During The Medical Profession1512 Words   |  7 PagesIn many places around the world, substance abuse has become a frequent issue. Many people may not be aware of substance abuse in nurses, from prescription drugs to alcohol and even cigarettes. Abuse from nurses poses a new challenge to the profession due to their jobs as caretakers and their access to controll ed substances. It is a perplexing thought that people whose profession is to care for other don’t do the same for themselves. Nurses do in fact have stressful jobs, however, it is certainlyRead MoreThe Effects Of Drug Abuse On American Soil Essay1539 Words   |  7 PagesIn a day and age where there is no clear or apparent bad guy, the United States battles an elusive foe on our home soil. The current epidemic of drug abuse claims the lives of thousands of Americans without any discrimination or bias. The decades old â€Å"war on drugs† has done little to hinder the devastating carnage of widespread drug abuse decimating today’s youth. This affliction hits home for almost all of us to at least some extent. The enemy is known, we as a country however have yet to deviseRead More Drug Abuse: Pay Attention Essay1257 Words   |  6 Pagesway of life, and from legal to illegal. Drugs become abused whether they are recreational, narcotics or alcohol. When we talk a bout the misuse of substances and how they are used for the wrong reason without regulations that put the person at risk without taking that into account. It is like gambling when an individual use recreational drugs or abuse narcotics. If these ventures were taken into account the amount of damage to themselves, I am sure they would put a limit to it. It has beenRead MoreHca/250 Final Essay1585 Words   |  7 PagesSubstance abuse is a very widely known public epidemic in todays society. Many people are unfortunately plagued by this issue. According to Emedicinehealth.com (2012), â€Å"People abuse substances such as alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs for varied and complicated reasons, but it is clear that our society pays a significant cost,† (para. 1). People that are affected by substance abuse includes a very different range of people. Many that abuse the substances end up having health-related problems whichRead MoreSubstance Abusers: A Vulnerable Population Essay840 Words   |  4 Pagesgoing to be describing the characteristics of substance abusers. Next, give the common health issue and needs. Then, give specific resources that Peoria have to offer. Finally, how substance abuse relates to Healthy People 2020. Overall, this will give one an overview of the vulnerable population such as substance abusers. Characteristics of the population Substance abuse is when a person want their mind to be altered with the use of drugs. Substance abuse affect all ages, race, religion, and incomeRead MorePrescription Drug Abuse And Prescription Drugs1487 Words   |  6 PagesPrescription Drug Abuse Prescription Drug Abuse has increased in an alarming rate over recent years! Prescription drug related deaths now outnumber those from heroin and cocaine combined. The abuse in prescription drugs in America goes back more than a hundred years ago. Prescription drug abuse is the use of a medication without a prescription, in a way other than prescribed, or for the experience or feelings elicited. Although prescription medications are intended to help individuals, they canRead MoreThe Effects Of Alcohol And Drug Abuse On Criminal Activities1620 Words   |  7 Pagestheorists have differing views on whether or not alcohol and drug abuse is related to criminal activities, there are however a variety of preventative and intervention methods known commonly as ‘harm reduction’. This theory aims to assist in society’s responses in how we intervene when it comes to drug abusers as well as how the use of drug taking harms society itself. Such designed strategies aim to re duce and eventually stop substance abuse. Harm reduction methods can come in the form of intervention

Impacts of Urban Sprawl Urbanization

Question: Write about theImpacts of Urban Sprawlfor Urbanization. Answer: Introduction: Urbanization refers to the process by which huge number of people shifts their bases from rural areas to the cities with the hope of living better quality lives due to the availability of many advantages that are not present in rural areas. This often include greater scopes of employability, better education system, better lifestyle, good transportation and many others. This recent trend has led huge number of people coming and shifting their base to the cities from the rural areas 1. Further development in the field of medical science has already resulted in the growth in the number of population. As a result cities have come under great pressures and thereby they tend to impact the people at various levels. The essay will mainly portray two of such impact that had affected on the health of the people due to their settlement in the cities and the different initiatives that they government had taken for that. It will also show how different health promotion programs can be organized to address the current issues. First Impact: One important impact that is affecting the health of people is called urban sprawl. Urbanization had led many of the nations to become developed and make life more comfortable. This had resulted in a situation called urban sprawl where there had been present of more density of people in a particular square meter and had resulted in congestion of people living in small household s in large number. This is mainly the case of the people who have come from rural or suburban areas and had settled there. It not only results in environmental harm but also on the monetary costs. The cities are growing outward engulfing more fresh lands for making complexes, residential areas, employment centers and offices. Health Promotion Program Undertaken: This fast movement is unplanned in most cases resulting in degraded human health 2. Poor community design like poorly planned low density, auto-dependent development had resulted in a condition where people are facing difficulty to undertake physical activities and maintain healthy weight. Some of the American reports suggest that there are about 448 countries with sprawling effects where more than 200000 individuals have reported unavailability of patches for walking, biking or perform exercise 3 . Development of body mass index showing obesity has therefore been common along with fatigues, unhealthy lifestyles, lack of entertainments spots and others. Moreover, huge number of families living within small apartments built to accommodate huge population in many developed and developing countries are also the reason where people face irritation feels claustrophobic, develops frustrations and mental problems. However different governments have approached the matter in different ways. O ne can provide an example for it. Australian government had proposed an Australian infrastructure plan with an aim to develop a nation which will give the best lives of people. However, issues such as homelessness, improperly insulated residential apartments, huge residential plots without parks and free grounds are still found in different parts 4. Not only in Australia, America also failed miserably to accommodate its huge number of transports in the narrow lanes of many of the countries where recent increase in population had taken place. In a developing country, like India policies have been published which proposes that by 2050, 900 million people will be added to Indian cities but however no promising steps have been seen to be taken. Huge number of footpath dweller, slums and other such temporary shelters are quite common in many corners compromising hygiene and healthy lives. Second Impact: The impact that had resulted from the rapid increase of number of people in the cities is pollution and that had been affecting the health of different people. Increase of vehicular emissions has increased due to production of more transportation on the road. Not only has that photochemical smog been found to be a common occurrence Water pollution is also taking place due to the flow of the domestic sewage as well as from the urban runoff 5. It had been seen that the river in Sydney called the Nepean Endash; Hawkesbury are under severe stress due to this effect. Garbage disposal has also become a concern I the cities due to the huge population causing environmental pressure on the cities. Reports have suggested that Sydney and Melbourne residents are generating huge tones of papers, cardboards, plastics, solid wastes and others that are having adverse environmental effects. Resources get wasted and toxic air emission is common. Breathing problems have become common in citizens. Reports have shown that people who are living in cities have decreased lung function and also suffering from respiratory inflammation 6. Polluted areas are responsible for the spread of carcinogens affecting people with cancer. Serious damages are found in the immune system as well as in the endocrine and reproductive system. Harmful chemicals which are liberated are settling in water, plants and others which when consumed are resulting in sever adverse impacts on human health. Health Promotion Program Undertaken: Governments all over the world have considered it to be a severe issue and have now tried to control the emissions occurring form the cities. Government of Australia has therefore initiated different laws, initiatives, organizations as well as educational programs with an aim to fix up the problem of urbanization in Australia. The Greens political party as well as the Greenpeace has therefore spoken out the major concerns to make the population aware of issues and take precautionary measure. The national heritage Trust (NHT) takes care of the restoration as well as the conservation of Australias environment and natural resources 7. They are responsible for funding the community, states as well as national level activities in order to improve the environmental impacts on the health of the people. Often waste management awareness, land care projects, coast and clean sea initiatives to overcome the impacts that have resulted due to huge people settling in Cities. A very big event is org anized to attract the attention of Australians to help them understand the harmful impacts of pollution on their health and is the biggest event in the country. Still it has been found that the results have been not satisfactory as many people are still tending to continue practices that are harming the nature 8. The National Pollutant Inventory is a report that had been published by the federal government from the data put forward by different industries show that there had been complete failure for Australia, in decreasing the level of pollution 9. An Ideal Model that Government Should use and the Present Status: However, the government as well as the different community level should approach to the entire issue after a thorough research. This is important because they should gather the knowledge that their own activities are harming their health resulting in cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, headache, uneasy, cancer and others 10. The best health promotion model that both the public and the private sector should implement is their strategies. The ecological model of health promotion is the right one for developing initiatives that will help to address the population as a whole. The ecological model usually guides both the organizations and also individuals to follow a sequential method. The first step of the model would be to address the intrapersonal as well as individual factors that influence the behavior in such a way which will help to develop the knowledge, beliefs, attitudes as well as the personality 11. This is important because each and every individu al should learn to behave in a way so that will help them to remain safe and healthy. The second factor that the concerned organization should try to address in their campaigns or policies is the interpersonal factors. The concerned authority should mainly provides different methods that will help in interacting with people thereby providing them social support as well as help them in overcoming barriers. These would help the population to develop interpersonal growth which ultimately helps in developing the healthy behavior. The third factor would be to look over the institutional as well as the organizational factors 12. This is mainly done by developing rules, regulation s as well as policies informal structures which will help the people to develop healthy behaviors. In case of National Heritage trust, one can see that they have implemented the third option but have not included the intra personal as well as the interpersonal factors which are also some of the , its important fa ctors needed for health promotion. However, the other two factors that many of the organization shave implemented in their health promotion initiatives are the community factors and the public policy. The national Heritage trust had initiated many community programs following the fourth step for the ecological model of health promotion. The fourth factor called the community factor includes the formal as well as the social norms that need to be present among individuals, groups and organizations in order to limit or enhance the issues. Different governments all over the nation have followed the fifth step the ecological model which states policies provided by the local, state as well as the federal governments which help the population to regulate their actions in way that promotes disease prevention. This includes early detection, control and management. Conclusion: Two important impact of settlement of population cities are increasing pollution and urban sprawl affecting quality health of the people. Different initiatives have been taken by governments of different nations. Many have become successful while other has failed. Therefore it is advised for the nations and the policy makers to follow the ecological model of health promotion where they will not only help individuals as well as the population to live a health life but will also develop the contributing factors that are resulting in ill health. If both the impacts are managed properly along with proper health promotion initiatives by the governments, people may experience life with better quality. References: Kumar, P., Morawska, L., Martani, C., Biskos, G., Neophytou, M., Di Sabatino, S., Bell, M., Norford, L. and Britter, R., 2015. The rise of low-cost sensing for managing air pollution in cities.Environment international,75, pp.199-205. Ewing, R., Meakins, G., Hamidi, S. and Nelson, A.C., 2014. Relationship between urban sprawl and physical activity, obesity, and morbidityupdate and refinement.Health place,26, pp.118-126. Hamidi, S. and Ewing, R., 2014. A longitudinal study of changes in urban sprawl between 2000 and 2010 in the United States.Landscape and Urban Planning,128, pp.72-82. Nazarnia, N., Schwick, C. and Jaeger, J.A., 2016. Accelerated urban sprawl in Montreal, Quebec City, and Zurich: Investigating the differences using time series 19512011.Ecological Indicators,60, pp.1229-1251. Su, J.G., Apte, J.S., Lipsitt, J., Garcia-Gonzales, D.A., Beckerman, B.S., de Nazelle, A., Texcalac-Sangrador, J.L. and Jerrett, M., 2015. Populations potentially exposed to traffic-related air pollution in seven world cities.Environment international,78, pp.82-89. Krzyzanowski, M., Apte, J.S., Bonjour, S.P., Brauer, M., Cohen, A.J. and Prss-Ustun, A.M., 2014. Air pollution in the mega-cities.Current Environmental Health Reports,1(3), pp.185-191. Karagulian, F., Belis, C.A., Dora, C.F.C., Prss-Ustn, A.M., Bonjour, S., Adair-Rohani, H. and Amann, M., 2015. Contributions to cities' ambient particulate matter (PM): A systematic review of local source contributions at global level.Atmospheric Environment,120, pp.475-483 Benson, D., Jordan, A. and Smith, L., 2013. Is environmental management really more collaborative? A comparative analysis of putative paradigm shifts in Europe, Australia, and the United States.Environment and Planning A,45(7), pp.1695-1712. Marsden, S., 2016.Transboundary environmental governance: inland, coastal and marine perspectives. Routledge. Badland, H., Whitzman, C., Lowe, M., Davern, M., Aye, L., Butterworth, I., Hes, D. and Giles-Corti, B., 2014. Urban liveability: emerging lessons from Australia for exploring the potential for indicators to measure the social determinants of health.Social science medicine,111, pp.64-73. Eldredge, L.K.B., Markham, C.M., Kok, G., Ruiter, R.A. and Parcel, G.S., 2016.Planning health promotion programs: an intervention mapping approach. John Wiley Sons. Golden, S.D., McLeroy, K.R., Green, L.W., Earp, J.A.L. and Lieberman, L.D., 2015. Upending the social ecological model to guide health promotion efforts toward policy and environmental change.

Business Law Limited Liability Framework

Question: Describe about the Business Law for Limited Liability Framework. Answer: 1. With Joe incorporating Roberts Boating private limited, the key advantages the company will receive are as follows: - Management of the company- Operating a limited liability organization requires less paperwork and administrative. A limited liability organization does not issue stock certificates nor hold regular meetings. Auditing and record keeping are less tedious relying on the requirements of the members. There is no maximum or minimum number of members in the limited liability company. The owner of the company can take all the decisions and can also hire members to form a management team that would run the organization. Limited Liability of company Registering the business as a limited liability company, Joe can run the company with much ease. Incorporation under limited liability will receive much greater tax exemption creating profitability for the company. It also helps Joe in the mitigation of personal liability and the protection of given assets of the corporation (Baxt, Harris and Finnane 2013). It will also help Joe in capping the liability of towards the creditors of the company. Raising capital becomes much easier for Joe once the company follows certain decorum. Tax While the normal marginal tax rate for individuals working under normally registered business name stands at 47%, incorporating a corporation in Australia will have a flat tax rate of 30%. Joe has to pay taxes based on the capital gains of the company. Joe needs to pay tax on its accessible income based on the company tax rate, and the company can further be applicable for tax deductions (Baxt, Harris and Finnane 2014). This will help the company save a lot of money in the form of funds which can be spent in other functioning of management creating profitability of the company. 2. The procedures that Joe had to follow under the Corporations Act 2001 to register the Roberts Boating Pty Ltd are as follows: To register the company, Joe should lodge an application with the ASIC. The application should state the following: The type of organization that is to be registered under the Act; The proposed name of the company (Burrell and McGinn 2009). The address and name of each individual who will become the member of the company; The family and present given name and place and date of birth of each member who will become; the director of the company; The family and present given name and place and date of birth of each member who will become the company secretary (Davenport and Parker 2011). The address of each member who will become the company secretary or director; The address of the proposed registered office of the company; The address of the principle place of the business of the company (if it is not address of proposed registered office); Joe has to follow the procedure as the company is limited by shares The class and number of shares in writing each member agrees to take up The amount each member agree to pay for each share in writing Whether each members share agrees to take up would be fully paid on registration If those amounts are not be fully paid for registration the amounts each member agrees to be unpaid on the shares (Gibson and Fraser 2007). The application should be in prescribed form Joe should have the agreements and consents referred to in the subsection 2 when the application is lodged. Joe should give the agreements and consents to the organization after the organization is registered. The company should keep the agreements and consents. On the basis of subsection 5 an offense would be considered as strict liability. The internal management rules of the company would be governed by the provisions of section 134 of corporation act 2001. 3. The Joe's liability is discussed if Robert's Boating Pty Ltd cannot fulfill the order of Perth Sea Rescue is discussed with following the four step process. Step 1: Introduce the area of the law The area of the law focuses on the fulfilment of the order undertaken by Robert's Boating Pty Ltd seems to be consisting of 5 boat order for the Perth Sea Rescue. This law area is focused with considering the liability of Joe who is appointed to the company on January 2016 (Mo 2012). Step 2: Discuss the applicable law to solve and quote relevant cases and the sections of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) where applicable. The application of the law of Corporations Act 2001 (Cth)-Section 140, depicts the appropriate establishment if the resolution process regarding the effect of the issues created by the organization. As per the law of the liability of Breaching of contract, if the buyer failed to pay the amount as per the contract depicted, then the seller is liable for cancelling the order with 5% refund on the total amount (Solomon 2009). As per the contract, Joe will have to pay an amount if Roberts Boating Pty Ltds contract is cancelled. Step3: Apply the law to the facts to resolve the problem. The laws depicts the liability for the inappropriate execution or the payment order failure for the Joe is undertaken as per depicted in this case study (Symon 2006). It also provides the failure of the contract for which Joe is liable for the failure of the contract. Step 4: Come to a conclusion As per the above discussion, the conclusion that can be drawn is that if Joe is liable for the failure of the contract, then the above mentioned conditions must be implemented against Joe by the Roberts Boating Pty Ltd. 4. As per Australian contract law, a contract is a legal agreement which should have the following elements offer, intention of binding to a contract, consideration, legal capacity, consent and the formalities. In the undertaken case it has been seen Haana a Factory manager of Robert's Boating Pty Ltd performed a contract with ABC Ltd on behalf of the company to buy a machine that manufactures boats from high tensile plastic without informing the managing director of the company Joe. As a factory manager, Haana is entitled to spend up to $25,000 only. Afterward, Robert's Boating Pty Ltd annulled the contract on the following ground: The contract is invalid and unenforceable as according to the constitution of the company the company cannot engage any activities other than producing fiberglass boats and the company has not any capacity to enter into such type of contract (Thomas 2010). And secondly, Haana does have the authority to buy a $40,000 machine as her limit is only $25,000. The first ground of Roberts Pty to terminate the contract: Issue: The Company is involving in manufacturing boats of fiberglass, is the company involve in plastic boat manufacturing? Law: As per Australian Corporation Act 2001(Cth) the company cannot manufacture from the high tensile plastic boat as according to the constitution of the company the company is entitled to manufacture on fiberglass boats (Vickery, Pendleton and Flood 2008). Application: According to the Australian Corporation Act 2001 the production companies' production materials and result or products must be predefined and the companies cannot involve in any production other than the predefined production of goods. Conclusion: The Company cannot involve in any other production, rather than fiberglass boats as per the constitution of the company. However, it is not the headache of the ABC Ltd. Haana is a representative of Roberts Boat Pty Ltd and on behalf of the company she contract with ABC for buying the machine for the Roberts Pty Ltd from the company. As the senior executive of the company Haana should know the constitution of the company thus, as she indulges in this contract on behalf of the company the company Robert's Boat Company cannot avoid the liability of the contract. The second ground of Roberts Pty to terminate the contract: Issue: Whether Haana has the authority to involve in a contract on behalf of accompanying to buy a machine of $40,000 or not. Law: As per the Australian Contract Act, the company representative can perform a contractual duty on behalf of the company. The rules and policy of a company describes the role and responsibility of each member as per the Australian Corporation Act 2001 (Watson, Gleeson and Higgins 2013). Application: Haana can perform the contract on behalf of her company as she was in a position of Sales Manager and representative of the company thus the contract should be valid. Conclusion: Moreover, the ABC Ltd would not see that the limit of spending of Haana is $25,000 as a factory manager. Whether Haana is authorized to spend $40,000 or not the company is liable for the contract by Haana. References Barker, David. 2005.Essential Australian Law. Sydney, N.S.W.: Cavendish. Baxt, R, Jason R Harris, and Edmund Thomas Finnane. 2014.Corporations Legislation 2014. Pyrmont, N.S.W.: Thomson Reuters. Baxt, Robert, Jason R Harris, and Edmund Thomas Finnane. 2013.Corporations Legislation 2013. Pyrmont, N.S.W.: Thomson Reuters. Burrell, David and John G McGinn. 2009.Cornerstone Law Series. [Adelaide]: Law Society of South Australia. Davenport, Shayne and David Parker. 2011.Business And Law In Australia. Pyrmont, N.S.W.: Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia. Gibson, Andy and Douglas Fraser. 2007.Business Law. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Mo, John Shijian. 2012.International Commercial Law. Chatswood, N.S.W.: LexisNexis Butterworths. Solomon, Richard. 2009.Cornerstone Law Series. [Adelaide]: Law Society of South Australia. Symon, Helen. 2006.Corporations Act 2001. Melbourne: Leo Cussen Institute. Thomas, Geoff. 2010.Cornerstone Law Series. [Adelaide]: Law Society of South Australia. Vickery, Roger, Wayne Pendleton, and MaryAnne Flood. 2008.Australian Business Law. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Education. Watson, J. A, Justin T Gleeson, and Ruth C. A Higgins. 2013.Historical Foundations Of Australian Law. Annandale, N.S.W.: Federation Press.