The Lais Of Marie De France - 865 Words

The extent to which the Lais of Marie de France can be categorized as fairy tales is dependent on the definition of â€Å"fairy tale.† Using various scholars’ definitions of â€Å"fairy tale† and conceptions of the fairy tale genre, criteria for â€Å"fairy tales† arises. Then, close-readings of three lais, â€Å"Guigemar†, â€Å"Lanval† and â€Å"Yonec†, are used as a mechanism for meeting or failing the criteria. This methodology is then evaluated and problematized. The criterion for fairy tales includes origin, form, content, style, and meaning. Etymologically, the word ‘fairy tale’ has disputed origins. Supposedly, it comes from the French â€Å"contes des fees† or â€Å"tales about fairies†, popular in French courts and salons in the seventeenth century. However, Jack Zipes argues that â€Å"conte fà ©erique† actually translates to â€Å"fairy tales† and refers to narrative form, rather t han content. If defined from â€Å"conte fà ©erique†, a work is a fairy tale due to its narrative form. Narrative form is in turn defined in two ways, as the process of narration or as the narrative account itself, known as the story. Firstly, the fairy tale process of narration has a consensus definition, determined by its origin and function. Secondly, the narrative account of a fairy tale encompasses several sub-sections including setting, characters, and style. Fairy tales originate in the oral tradition of folk tales. Both Vladimir Propp and Karel ÄÅ'apek argue that key to this tradition is the repeated interaction between performer andShow MoreRelatedLais of Marie de France1940 Words   |  8 PagesThroughout the Lais of Marie de France there are several themes presented as central to the various stories. Some of these themes are present in all of the lais. One such example is that of courtly love and its implications. Courtly love being one of the more prominent themes in all of medieval literature, it is fittingly manifested in all of the lais as well. Another theme present in two of the lais is isolation. The theme of isolation plays a large role in the stories of Guigemar and LanvalRead MoreEssay on Lais of Marie de France1046 Words   |  5 PagesKnights of Old and Harry Potter October 7, 2012 Love and Marie de France According to American mythologist, Joseph Campbell, â€Å"The greatest love was during the Medieval Ages, when noble hearts produced a romantic love that transcended lust† (Joseph Campbell and the Power of Myth with Bill Moyers [2001]). The Lais of Marie de France are primarily concerned with this idea of love--specifically, courtly love--between a man and a woman. Courtly love, a union modeled after the feudal relationshipRead More Lais Of Marie De France Essay examples1939 Words   |  8 Pages Throughout the Lais of Marie de France there are several themes presented as central to the various stories. Some of these themes are present in all of the lais. One such example is that of courtly love and it’s implications. Courtly love being one of the more prominent themes in all of medieval literature, it is fittingly manifested in all of the lais as well. Another theme present in two of the lais is isolation. The theme of isolation plays a large role in the stories of Guigemar and LanvalRead MoreThe Lais of Marie de France and Quickly-Budding Love Essay670 Words   |  3 Pagesexample of a wild love story portrays the love tales told in the book The Lais of Marie de France, where many lovers are quickly overtaken with the love and passion from a secret lover. The Lais of Marie de France is a book that inquires one to question the reasoning of exaggerated love stories from the middle ages with their immediate love situations, disastrous consequences, and happiness of lov e. In The Lais of Marie de France, the lovers are quickly stricken with a sense of love whether it is byRead MoreLovers From The Lais Of Marie De France As A Children s Book1533 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Chevrefoil† Adapted Imagine a story of lovers from The Lais of Marie de France as a children’s book. It would show the events true love can overcome, and inevitably end in a happy ending. The stories would have to be adapted in such a way to where all the details were appropriate for a child. It must be wrote to where the story would not be over their head, so they could fully understand the story. My adaption of â€Å"Chevrefoil† from The Lais of Marie de France into a children’s book would essentially fall intoRead MoreThe Lais Of Marie De France And The Wolf Hunt988 Words   |  4 Pagesbeliefs tend to lead to the inaccurate portrayal of the past. The two books, The Lais of Marie de France, by Marie de France and The Wolf Hunt by Gillian Bradshaw are prime examples of how our modern beliefs cause this distortion. The modern version of the novel, which is The Wolf Hunt, portrays the story differently than the Medieval novel, The Lais of Marie de France. The Wolf Hunt has modern themes in it, while the Lais has genuinely medieval themes. These stories are quite similar because they bothRead MoreEmpowering Women through Courtly Love Essay1153 Words   |  5 Pagesdeeds, and become obedient to her in hopes of winning her affection. In The Lais of Marie de France, specifically Chevrefoil and Yonec, the author does not follow all of the rules of courtly love, yet she does illustrate to the reader the relationship between the man and his woman. She describes the beauty, intelligence, and wisdom of her female characters, giving them power over the men who love them. While Marie de France often confines women to the oppressive realities of the Middle Ages, she allowsRead More We have Decided Essay2066 Words   |  9 Pagesmorally wrong. Marriage, on the other hand, has been thought of as a sacred institution shared by most of the people and religions of the world. In the â€Å"Lais† written by Marie de France, we are given insight into the inner workings of five adulterous affairs, six pre-marital sexual encounte rs, and one instance of impure thoughts. Although Marie de France does not seem to condone adultery, she writes in a manner that allows the reader to feel possible sympathy with it, depending upon the situation. InRead MoreAnimal Symbology in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and the Lais785 Words   |  4 PagesIn Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and the Lais of Marie de France, the authors use animals as metaphors for human actions, and as characters. By analyzing the use of these animals, we are able to explore the meaning the authors were trying to communicate through specific scenes. The Book of Beasts, a translation by T.H. White (1984 ed.), provides a medieval standpoint when analyzing the use of animals in the Lais and in Gawain. In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, there is specific use of threeRead MoreEssay on Lanval and Yonec1687 Words   |  7 Pagesa certain motif of the story, or symbolize the author’s or society’s mindset. The representation of the body becomes significant for the story. In the representation of their body in the works of Marie de France’s lais â€Å"Lanval† and â€Å"Yonec,† the body is represented in opposing views. In â€Å"Lanval,† France clearly emphasizes the pure beauty of the body and the power the ideal beauty holds, which Lanval’s Fairy Queen portrays. In France’s â€Å"Yonec,† she diverts the reader’s attention from the image of the

“Tempest” “Moonlight” Sonata’s a Coupled Analysis Essay

Classic Composers: Ludwig van Beethoven â€Å"Tempest† amp; â€Å"Moonlight† Sonata’s: A Coupled Analysis Beethoven’s â€Å"Tempest† and â€Å"Moonlight† sonatas are by themselves sublime pieces to any ear, each encapsulating within their notes such a build up of extreme human emotion, until their 3rd movements wherein which the pressure becomes to much to contain, ultimately resulting in a climax of genuine sentiment. When one interprets the final movements of both sonatas in such a way that the similarities as well as the differences between the two can be acknowledged, one then cannot only better understand the reasons those same movements are able to exemplify such striking affects, but also why the emotion that is instituted by them is†¦show more content†¦Through the frantic energy and disjointed rhythms, one can connect a sense of unrequited love, which began to formulate within the 1st movement, and has now erupted into feelings of grudging acceptance, and emotional despair. The rest of the movement, through its various up’s and downâ€⠄¢s, illustrate the continued pursuit of reaching this unknown destination and the struggle to be liberated from ongoing affliction. Finally, following an emotional climax in which it would seem the sought after goal was briefly reached, the melody quickly spirals downwards, farther below than where it started even, and it is then conveyed that this struggle is one of perpetual force, its conflict unconquerable. In Beethoven’s â€Å"Tempest†, although it does share qualities with â€Å"moonlight† such as its fast, rondo-sonata form, the variance in repeated sequence of chord, and the presence of a very fluid emotional scheme which ends in climax, the emotion that is revealed is very different from that of â€Å"moonlights†. The affect I find most suitable to the 3rd movement of the â€Å"tempest† is an emergence from a swirling waltz, from which exudes a feeling of great optimistic happiness. The formulation of rising hopefulness that has accrued since the 1st movement is seen here, where it is involved in an epic battle through which it struggles to obtain a climax of unbridled spirit and positivity. After much effort, the desired outcome is reached,

Strategic Information Systems for Enterprise Accounting Resource

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Information Systems for Enterprise Accounting Resource. Answer: Introduction This study deals with Strategic Information Systems. In this particular assignment, emphasis has been given on conducting research for selection of Accounting Information Systems or Enterprise Resource Planning. It will help in determining the systems requirements, business process as well as selection of vendor for the given case studies. There are two case studies given in the assignment that is majorly focused in the entire study (Ward and Peppard 2016). In case study 1, Disk4U is a Sydney-based company selling CDs as well as Vinyl records. This company is small family-owned business with four businesses spreading in and around Sydney Metropolis. Team of Disk4U called in for accounting as well as business systems consultants. This particular company desires in improving the operations of the company especially in the areas of accounting and financial business reporting. In case study 2, Sungate Foods is one of the companies producing rice especially at seasonal peaks. This company too called for accounting and business consultants. Both the companies are here to improve their current technological aspects for selection of Enterprise Resource Planning for future consideration purpose (Umble, Haft and Umble 2013). Analysis Process of selecting an AIS or ERP that helps in making informed decisions for investment in accounting software Adoption of Enterprise Resource Planning hugely affected evaluation of Accounting Information Systems. Accounting Information Systems has great potential in influencing over business performance (Tsai et al. 2012). The main purpose of the study is to develop clear understanding for influencing Accounting Information System in an Enterprise Resource Planning on checking on the performance of the firm. It is required to investigate on the direct effects of top management involving in external expertise enabling Accounting Information Systems (Sousa and Oz 2014). This requires examining the interaction effect of accounting staff competency in alignment with Accounting Information Systems in order to bring firm performance improvement. This study is conducted on Disk4U and Sungate for adopting Enterprise Resource Planning systems. From the accounting perspective, Enterprise Resource Planning describes as database software packages for supporting all business process as well as operations. It involves manufacturing, financial, human resources as well as marketing (Simon, Fischbach and Schoder 2014). The major goal of Enterprise Resource Planning is having one integrated system for the entire company in the upcoming financial year. It requires integration of all information from the company based upon areas such as departments, processes as well as operational aspects. It requires that implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning should be sophisticated in nature. This will turn further requirements for committing considerable resources in case of planning as well as training and implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning (Shaul and Tauber 2013). Enterprise Resource Planning for small business is becoming popular among organizations for facilitating greater productivity as well as streamlined data for all types of departments. There are different ways whereby Enterprise Resource Planning for small business for improving business process (Scheer 2012). This is one of the biggest benefits noticed from using Enterprise Resource Planning for small business for increased productivity in company bottom line. Business data takes into consideration regarding all departments whereby employees save time as well as hassle of having for contacting employees in other departments for gaining the required information. Several benefits can be pointed out below with proper justification. Disk4U and Sungate are the two companies that are small-based companys aims at implementation of Accounting Information Systems or Enterprise Resource Planning for some of the below-mentioned reasons: Conducting of Enterprise Resource Planning for Disk4U and Sungate will help in increase in the level of productivity. This is because data of these two companies will be easily available by all types of departments (Rainer et al. 2013). Conducting of Enterprise Resource Planning for Disk4U and Sungate will help in streamlined data flow of information. When this two company switch to Enterprise Resource Planning Software, they can enjoy streamlined flow of data in their business operations. This particular advantage is applicable to the fast-growing business that may run into problems in case of big data that needs to be compartmentalized in various types of departments. For Instance, need of financial data required by the inventory department for getting hold of it in the upcoming financial year. Enterprise Resource Planning gets in place for all kinds of authorized data for availability for each department. Conducting of Enterprise Resource Planning for Disk4U and Sungate will help in better collaboration. These two are small business struggling with collaboration after implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning system for changing the differences. It is important to understand the fact that poor communication as well as lack of collaboration leads towards employees not having access towards the data collection. It is advisable that employees should have access to all the data produced to bring better collaboration actions in the Conducting of Enterprise Resource Planning for Disk4U and Sungate for gaining information of true picture of business (Leon 2014). Conducting of Enterprise Resource Planning for Disk4U and Sungate will help in decrease in operating costs. Both the company business owners should find ways in implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning because it will help in reducing operating costs for future analysis purpose (Monk and Wagner 2012). It requires streamlining of data into one single software application. Most of the business owners often save money especially on the individual software as well as management systems for paying for all the departments. Conducting of Enterprise Resource Planning for Disk4U and Sungate will help in delivery of business insights. While taking decisions for small business, it is important for possessing all data in case of on-hand and up-to-date information. Implementing Enterprise Resource Planning for Disk4U and Sungate for resulting in greater peace as well as confidence for future analysis purpose Conducting of Enterprise Resource Planning for Disk4U and Sungate will help in improved decision-making process. It is requires to access data for updating for making best decisions for the growth for Disk4U and Sungate. Implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning for small business helps in boosting productivity, reducing operating costs as well as streamlining of data flow and improved decision-making process (Pearlson, Saunders and Galletta 2016). With the advancement of internet technology, it helps small business enterprise like Disk4U and Sungate for improving operational aspects in and around the globe. It is because of the proliferation of the cloud as smaller enterprises competes with bigwigs as well as taps into current markets in most of the locations (Kim, Nicolaou and Vasarhelyi 2013). This new era of competition runs into small business is becoming extremely difficult in nature after implementation of simple accounting software. New wave of online commerce brings out enforcement with selection of better solution so that it can reduce unnecessary strain that becomes slightly costly in the upcoming financial years. In other words, Information Technology will help in improving in the business activities for Disk4U and Sungate (Hunton, McEwen and Wier 2015). Small business like Disk4U and Sungate urgently needs Enterprise Resource Planning solutions for attainment of future objectives in current market condition. Enterprise Resource Planning means the creation of framework for business that aims at planning resources in an effective way (Hoch and Dulebohn 2013). Proper Enterprise Resource Planning helps in managing attributes starting from accounts receivable to inventory turnover. Enterprise Resource Planning can easily manage these aspects for achieving highly competent relationship management platform. Both the company named, as Disk4U and Sungate are small-scale company that should use Enterprise Resource Planning for bringing improvement and attainment of future profits. Enterprise Resource Planning provides specialized solutions for small-scale company. Some of the solutions to the above problems are as follows: Disk4U and Sungate should prepare invoices as well as reports by looking for experts professionals in compiling with each client preferences for running under Business to Business Model Disk4U and Sungate should file their financial documents in aligning with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (US GAAP) as well as International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). It is advisable in keeping the auditors for formatting the documents wherever necessary for the case company Disk4U and Sungate Enterprise Resource Planning software helps in managing with inventory as well as time sheets and expense reports. Addition to that, it enhances customer relationship management in managing with front-end of business entity (Galliers and Leidner 2014).. Enterprise Resource Planning for Disk4U and Sungate helps in streamlining data operations for bringing efficiency of business activities Implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning helps in bringing change in market as well as undertaking smarter decisions Conducting Research on AIS or ERP systems for- Client Conducting Accounting Information Systems or Enterprise Resource Planning by Disk4U and Sungate renders potential clients with complete data information on the data points. This will help business owners as well as senior executives for transforming their business by effective investments in Information Technology (Dwivedi et al. 2015). This will help CIO for bringing improvement for overall performance for their relative IT organization as well as function. In order to achieve the team, business consultants require providing strategic as well as advisory services that will ensure clients current as well as future IT investments. This aims at delivering maximum business support as well as support with bringing transformation of business information. It ensures providing suite of technology implementation services like data visualization, ERP optimization as well as Vendor selection and Post-Merger integration at the same time. It gives required information for Project Management, Tec hnology Infrastructure as well as Business Analysis and Security Services in an effective way (De Haes et al.2013). It is advisable to both the companies in recruiting talented, skilled as well as dedicates employees in the industry. This action will help in providing clients with sustainable competitive advantage in way of delivering highest level of expertise as well as expertise informational attributes for future analysis purpose (Davenport 2013). Defining business Process Business Process of Enterprise Resource Planning means that Disk4U and Sungate should conduct research on using best process for their activities. It requires naming main functional areas for operating used for business for Disk4U and Sungate. It aims at differentiating business process in aligning with business function of Disk4U and Sungate (Cassidy 2016). It ensures identification of kind of data based upon each main functional area of production in case of Disk4U and Sungate. Further, it needs identification of the data attributes for each unique functional area for Disk4U and Sungate. Addition to that, business process for Disk4U and Sungate requires defining integrated information systems as well as explaining the importance for bringing improvement at the same time (Bharadwaj et al.2013). Figure: Actors in Business Process Source: (Bezawada 2012) Enterprise Resource Planning programs for core software used by companies for coordinating information in each business areas for Disk4U and Sungate. Implementing Enterprise Resource Planning helps Disk4U and Sungate in managing companywide business process in the near future (Baltzan 2012). It requires usage of common database as well as shared management reporting tools. Business Process is the collection of activities that aims at taking some input for creation of output for creation of value to customers in case of Disk4U and Sungate. In order to under Enterprise Resource Planning, it is required to view at the functioning of business and functional areas of operation in final business process for Disk4U and Sungate. There are four major functional areas of operation starting from marketing and sales, supply chain management human resources and accounting and finance. Business functions are the activities that are specified in aligning with functional areas of operations for Disk4U and Sungate (Arvidsson, Holmstrm and Lyytinen 2014). Functional Areas of Business Operations for Disk4U and Sungate Functional areas of operations Marketing and Sales Department Supply Chain Management Accounting and Finance Human Resource Management Business Functions Disk4U and Sungate requires to market the product Disk4U and Sungate should engage in purchasing goods as well as raw materials Disk4U and Sungate should engage in financial accounting of payments from customers as well as suppliers Disk4U and Sungate should engage in recruiting as well as hiring Disk4U and Sungate advisable in taking sales orders Disk4U and Sungate aims at receiving goods as well as raw materials Disk4U and Sungate involves in cost allocation as well as control Disk4U and Sungate engages in training high-trained and experienced employees Disk4U and Sungate should involve in customer support Disk4U and Sungate ensures transportation and logistics activities Disk4U and Sungate ensures planning and budgeting for proper course of action Disk4U and Sungate employees should be under payroll of the company Disk4U and Sungate designs customer relationship management Disk4U and Sungate revolves around scheduling of production activities. Disk4U and Sungate should manage cash flow in an effective way Disk4U and Sungate should get adequate benefits in accordance with government compliance Disk4U and Sungate engages in sales forecasting process Disk4U and Sungate should engage in manufacturing goods for future analysis purpose Disk4U and Sungate should engage in advertising activities for making customer aware with business operations Disk4U and Sungate involves in maintenance of plant in its business operations Determination of systems requirements When considering ERP system, it is required to view at the training as well as scalability and performance of the address of vendor for meeting the needs of Disk4U and Sungate (Hoch and Dulebohn 2013). It is necessary to understand the ERP requirements in order to look for products as well as vendors for meeting the needs for Disk4U and Sungate. ERP system is required for bringing together business process for Disk4U and Sungate (Ward and Peppard 2016). ERP should be focused as well as address the immediate needs for next modules. Both the companies have decided for replacing current business management system, it involves several critical steps for reaching purchase decision. ERP system selection should be defined on exact form in alignment with new system process. Requirements documents indulge into two purposes. Firstly, it helps in describing on attributes for running business such as regulatory as well as strategic visioning and operations control at the same time. Secondly, it requires establishing identifying best-suited products (Umble, Haft and Umble 2013). There are various methodologies from related product professionals recommending when it comes for Enterprise Resource Planning System selection. Addition to that, some prefers fast track method that will be assumed as few pre-selected products as included in the final analysis. It is necessary to create system requirements that serve no useful purpose in case of business process as influenced by Enterprise Resource Planning for modification purpose. It is important to consider the fact that all software vendors spent millions dollars for creation of best practice process (Tsai et al. 2012). It widely depends upon the logical views for making positive assertions. Product Professionals believes in usage of Enterprise Resource Planning system for creation of one element for transforming business firm for efficient usage by competitive organization. It requires equal opportunity as contributed by achieving personal success as well as success of the business firm at the end. ERP Selection requires creation of solid foundation dealing in case of evaluating products for identification process. It enhances pointing out some of the critical weakness that might come down due to project failures. This may include complete failure or failure in achieving objectives or selection for any kind of wrong product. It is necessary in creating solid project foundation that will lead towards success for future financial years (Simon, Fischbach and Schoder 2014). Software Selection It is advisable to Disk4U and Sungate in using Microsoft Dynamics AX 2012 as it helps in providing streamlined business process. It is mostly desirable for small-scale companies for two-tier deployment methods in and across international corporations. This particular software considers as powerful software as it is goal-driven for future thriving business (Pearlson, Saunders and Galletta 2016). Vendor Selection After gathering facts of lists on ERP Applications, it is necessary to send quotes, proposals as well as other related information to the vendors. In case of technical validation, it is required to submit informational request to the vendor for receiving appropriate responses as available under ERP systems. Demos and Proof concepts underlie facts for narrowing down the list of vendors. This implies using tech scorecards as well as proposal information in requesting demos from the selected vendors (Monk and Wagner 2012). It is important to understand the fact regarding the ERP system in action from reputable vendor for arranging information after demonstration. It requires demons as request in from the documentation purpose for addressing ERP system for meeting the needs of the above company. Disk4U and Sungate should take help of reputable vendors for carrying out the business in desired way. Virus required wiping out from various software programs. It is necessary in finding out vendor in handling malfunctions as well as service interruptions at the same time. In case of short-form approach, it aims at reducing time and spending time for evaluating for lengthy requirements documents (Kim, Nicolaou and Vasarhelyi 2013). Vendors need to spend huge money for developing their specified products as well as understanding their best practices at the same time. It involves following steps as critically analyzing current Enterprise Resource Planning system as well as identification of strengths and weakness. It further requires analyzing as well as improving on current business practices. It should meet the requirements in alignment with product professionals such as vendor or software resellers. It aims at determining on understanding the functionality or information management . This advancement of technology helps in competing for Disk4U and Sungate in an effective way. Addition to that, it aims at creation of vision as defining with various functionality for further reporting options for meeting the future requirements in the most appropriate way (Hunton, McEwen and Wier 2015). Enterprise Resource Planning Products enhances extreme usage of same business process for differentiating it from one product to other. Enterprise Resource Planning selection professionals such as vendor for Disk4U and Sungate for identification of important requirement mentioned in the industry Conclusion and Recommendations At the end of the study, it is concluded that Disk4U and Sungate operates as small-scale business activities. Both the companies desires in using Enterprise Resource Planning for bringing improvement in the business operations for future analysis purpose. Enterprise Resource Planning systems help in bestowing impressive strategic as well as operational and information-related benefits for Disk4U and Sungate. On the other hand, failed implementation leads towards financial doom. In recent business operations, information regarding failures as well as success based upon reports in case of implementation for Disk4U and Sungate. Enterprise Resource Planning vendors are becoming steadily turning towards achievement of marketing insights on small-sized firms as in case of Disk4U and Sungate. Researchers need to gather information that will help firms for project implementation on successful terms. This particular research aims at adopting for multiple case study approach on Disk4U and Sung ate. It aims at investigating on implementation of process in case of small-scale company named as Disk4U and Sungate. It is recommended to Disk4U and Sungate in using Microsoft Dynamics AX 2012 for carrying out the business and boosting high rate of productivity in the near future. Enterprise Resource Planning system selection mostly takes lot of time as well as considered as frustrating process. It is required to involve in trying luck for finding out product for forming effective as well as efficient and competitive partnership. It requires developing complete understanding of becoming competitive and profitable condition. It aims at creating foundation for success and understanding system requirements of Enterprise Resource Planning software for bringing efficiency of business operations. It requires defining vision for future and creation of requirements documents for meeting the needs of future benefits. Disk4U and Sungate should give each employee that encourages with appropr iate software tools for future business activities. Reference List Al-Mashari, M. and Al-Mosheleh, H., 2015. Enterprise Resource Planning of Business Process Systems. Arvidsson, V., Holmstrm, J. and Lyytinen, K., 2014. Information systems use as strategy practice: A multi-dimensional view of strategic information system implementation and use. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 23(1), pp.45-61. Baltzan, P., 2012. Business driven technology. McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Bezawada, R., 2012. Enterprise Resource Planning. Available at SSRN 2142293. Bharadwaj, A., El Sawy, O.A., Pavlou, P.A. and Venkatraman, N.V., 2013. Digital business strategy: toward a next generation of insights. Mis Quarterly, 37(2), pp.471-482. Cassidy, A., 2016. A practical guide to information systems strategic planning. CRC press. Davenport, T.H., 2013. Process innovation: reengineering work through information technology. Harvard Business Press. De Haes, S., Van Grembergen, W. and Debreceny, R.S., 2013. COBIT 5 and enterprise governance of information technology: Building blocks and research opportunities. Journal of Information Systems, 27(1), pp.307-324. Dwivedi, Y.K., Wastell, D., Laumer, S., Henriksen, H.Z., Myers, M.D., Bunker, D., Elbanna, A., Ravishankar, M.N. and Srivastava, S.C., 2015. Research on information systems failures and successes: Status update and future directions. Information Systems Frontiers, 17(1), pp.143-157. Galliers, R.D. and Leidner, D.E., 2014. Strategic information management: challenges and strategies in managing information systems. Routledge. Hoch, J.E. and Dulebohn, J.H., 2013. Shared leadership in enterprise resource planning and human resource management system implementation. Human Resource Management Review, 23(1), pp.114-125. Hunton, J.E., McEwen, R.A. and Wier, B., 2015. Retraction: The Reaction of Financial Analysts to Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Implementation Plans. Journal of Information Systems, 29(2), pp.241-241. Kim, J., Nicolaou, A.I. and Vasarhelyi, M.A., 2013. The Impact of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems on the Audit Report Lag. Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting, 10(1), pp.63-88. Leon, A., 2014. Enterprise resource planning. McGraw-Hill Education. Monk, E. and Wagner, B., 2012. Concepts in enterprise resource planning. Cengage Learning. Pearlson, K.E., Saunders, C.S. and Galletta, D.F., 2016. Managing and Using Information Systems, Binder Ready Version: A Strategic Approach. John Wiley Sons. Rainer, R.K., Cegielski, C.G., Splettstoesser-Hogeterp, I. and Sanchez-Rodriguez, C., 2013. Introduction to information systems: Supporting and transforming business. John Wiley Sons. Scheer, A.W., 2012. Architecture of integrated information systems: foundations of enterprise modelling. Springer Science Business Media. Shaul, L. and Tauber, D., 2013. Critical success factors in enterprise resource planning systems: Review of the last decade. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), 45(4), p.55. Simon, D., Fischbach, K. and Schoder, D., 2014. Enterprise architecture management and its role in corporate strategic management. Information Systems and e-Business Management, 12(1), pp.5-42. Sousa, K.J. and Oz, E., 2014. Management information systems. Nelson Education. Tsai, W.H., Lee, P.L., Shen, Y.S. and Lin, H.L., 2012. A comprehensive study of the relationship between enterprise resource planning selection criteria and enterprise resource planning system success. Information Management, 49(1), pp.36-46. Umble, E.J., Haft, R.R. and Umble, M.M., 2013. Enterprise resource planning: Implementation procedures and critical success factors. European journal of operational research, 146(2), pp.241-257. Ward, J. and Peppard, J., 2016. The Strategic Management of Information Systems: Building a Digital Strategy. John Wiley Sons.

Consumer Protection Laws

Question: Describe about "Consumer Protection Laws". Answer: Introduction A section of laws and organization which are formed in order to ascertain the consumer rights along with fair competition, trade and transparency in terms of the transaction process are the main aspects of Consumer Protection law. The laws are formulated in such a manner which ensures any form of unfair treatment to the consumers. Thus, the acts that are legislated and executed in accordance to the above mentioned aspects related to consumer behavior and protection of their interests is Consumer Protection Act. In this regard it could be mentioned that, the national law in order to ascertain protection of the consumers and fair trading is the Australian Consumer Law (ACL). On 1st January 2011 the ACL was commenced (Consumerlaw. 2016). Case 1 In the context of the above discussion, few cases could be mentioned which are related to the concept of Concept Protection Act, in order to explain the idea more vividly and in an in-depth manner. The ACCC V TPG Internet Pty Ltd [2013] HCA 54 (the TPG Case) clearly highlighted the fact that, the nations highest court is determined to give proper justice to the consumers whose Consumer Protection Laws gets breached by any large company. In the context of this case, regarding the companys relation with Unlimited ADSL2+ service, the court justified a $2 million fine against TPG. Fine of this type is the first of its kind in the court. In the opinion of the ACCC, this kind of decision affirms its effort in preventing violation of consumer laws by the big companies (Hannebery et al., 2016). The main issue of the case was the question whether under Section 52 of the Trade Practices Act 1974 (Cth) (at present Section 18 of the Australian Consumer Law) the print advertisements that was developed by TCP for the promotion of its Unlimited ADSL2+ service misleading or not. In the advertisement it was mentioned that an offer was provided by the company under which ADSL2+ would be supplied for $29.99 per month. In a comparatively smaller print, below this offer it was notified that the offer came along with the TPG home telephone service due to which the consumers would have to pay additional $30 per month. On the basis of the above issue the ACCC opted for a legal action against the company. The allegation of the ACCC was that the advertisement had scope or was already misleading the consumers regarding the actual cost of the ADSL2+ service. Thus in this case, the consumer right of receiving transparent and non-deceptive information regarding the provided services was at stake , resulting in the breach of consumer laws. On December 2013, the High Court reestablished the Federal Courts verdict that the advertisement was misleading and reinforced $2 million penalty which was previously reduced by the Full Federal Court on the appeal of the company. The High Court emphasized on the perspective or point of view that was conveyed by the main message in the particular advertisement. The Court during the judgment considered the fact that on the basis of the companys ad it may resulted in effective formation of belief and impact the trust of the consumers that may lead in attracting the consumers to go into a negotiation with the company rather than its competitors. The High Court further highlighted the fact that a rational consumer might be aware of the fact that ADSL2+ services were combined with telephone services but that cannot result in ignoring the fact that advertisement was of deceptive nature. Some of the main requirements of the provided information t o the consumer under the Consumer Right laws are its transparency, clarity, non-ambiguous and non-deceptive nature. In this particular case, the provided information conveyed to the consumers consisted of ambiguous and unclear elements thus breaching the right of information of the consumer, resulting in breach of Consumer Law (SOVERN, 2014). In order to analyze the mentioned case critically and in an effective manner, the opinion of ACCC Chairman Rod Sims as provided for an article in the Australian Financial Review could be highlighted. He opined that, the decision given by the High Court in this particular case was a standard for the companies regarding the consequence that they might have to face in case they breach consumer laws. The verdict given in this case clearly highlights the issue of misrepresentation by the companies. This case brings out the aspect that it is essential on the part of the organizations to be careful regarding particular features of services or goods that they emphasize and convey upon to the consumers should not have any form of misleading or deceptive elements that may affect the consumer. As a result of which the organizations during their promotion or advertisement should be very careful regarding the any form of misleading statement (Mondaq, 2016). The company which has been blamed this case may provide that logic that all the essential and important information were provided in the advertisement. But this cannot result in ignoring the fact that certain portions of the messages were emphasized upon while other parts of the information were not emphasized upon. This can be clearly stated to be a means of misguiding the consumers. As experienced from the above mentioned case that such behavior on the part of any organization can lead to its suing and if the misconduct or breach of the law is proven then the consequence may be penalty of paying a compensation amount or even imprisonment. Case 2 Section 52 of the Trade Practice Act [TPA], deals with misleading or deceptive behavior in terms of trade behavior or practices. In this regard, The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Google Inc [2012] FCAFC 49 (3 April 2012) case can be mentioned. In accordance of the paragraphs 2(i) to (iv) of the Notice of Appeal the Court declared that, due to publishing on the Google Australia websites result page on 29th May 2007, 18th July 2007, 24th October 2007 and 17th April 2008 by Google Inc results that were ads for STA Travels business and website which consisted of the heading of Harvey World Travel or Harvey World was contradicting the fact or truth according to the trade or commerce behavior which are: the advertisement represented the fact that STA Travel and Harvey World Travel business were associated, the mentioned organizations had an affiliation, at STA Travels website Harvey World Travel businesses information could be found and finally the at STA Travels website information regarding the service provided by Harvey World Travel businesses could be achieved. As a result of the above mentioned trade behavior, Google Inc was hold liable to be engaged in misleading or deceptive behavior (Accc. 2016). Similarly, between March 2006 and July 2007, Google Inc by publishing or caused to publish results on result page of the Google Australia website CarSales advertisement with the website heading as Honda.com.au results a breach of consumer law. The reason being, when the consumer would click on the provided headline of Honda.com.au they were supposed to visit the Honda Australia website which was not happening. This clearly was a misleading or deceptive act. It was further claimed by ACCC in response to searches of users for a business which was a competitor; Google published sponsored links to the websites of Trading Post and Ausdog as well (Farrell, 2010). In this particular case the issue was not the fact if the sponsored links were of misleading or deceptive nature or not. The main aspect on which the High Court was required to take a decision was whether by promoting or displaying sponsored links there was any form of involvement on the part of Google Inc in misleading or decepti ve behavior. The High Court on 6th February in completely agreement and approved the appeal made by Google. The approval of the appeal was done on the basis of the finding which reflected that Google was not involved in any form of deceptive or misleading behavior. The justification given by the court for this verdict was mainly because the search terms which are selected by the internet users or the material that are available on Google are not controlled by Google. Moreover any advertisement that gets activated in Google page is because of the fact that the Google ad words content or Google search main words are specified by the advertisers and Google is not in control of that. Other than that, the advertisements that are published in its page are not created or authored by Google itself and third party is responsible for it. The innocence of Google from any form of misleading is further proven from the fact that the conveyed information in those advertisements was that of the advertisers which Google do not endorse (Sinha, 2011). Thus from the above findings the innocence of Google was established and the previous decision of the Full Federal court which was in favor of ACCC was nullified the verdict by the High Court. There are number of implications of the judgment given by the High Court that primarily impacted the publishers, advertisers and trade mark owners. The main impact upon the publishers was establishment of the fact that websites should be treated at per as any other media of advertisement like newspapers, magazines etc. It is also significant in this context that, if an advertisement is not created or adopted by a particular media, then it would not be considered liable for the misleading elements of the advertisement. It was further affirmed by the High Court that the advertisers will be considered liable for the deceptive or misleading elements that are present in online advertisement. Moreover, in case any advertiser buys Adwords which consists of another organizations trade mark and link it to a sponsored link the advertiser will be considered liable for the misleading and deceptive behavior (Hwlebsworth, 2013). As a result, it further increases the importance on the part of the a dvertisers to review the components of an advertisement in order to assure that it contains no misleading elements. The importance of The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Google Inc [2012] FCAFC 49 (3 April 2012) case also lies on the fact that in relation to the particular case on 23th April 2013 Trade Mark Adwords policy was updated with the purpose no more restrictions would be imposed on advertisers by Google in terms of their purchase and use of trademarks like keywords in Google Ads. In case of any form of breach of rights on the part of trade mark owners they may secure their rights by approaching or lodging a complain to Google regarding any form of unauthorized use of trade mark which will result in restricting its use by Google. Other than that claims could be under the Australian Consumer Law any the advertisers unauthorized use of the trade mark. From the above discussion it is prominent that The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Google Inc [2012] FCAFC 49 (3 April 2012) case was a significant one in terms of the consumer laws. In order to analyze the case critically it is essential to discuss the argument of both the sides. Prior to the verdict was given by the High Court, the Full Federal Court was in support of ACCC. Earlier to the verdict was given by the High Court there were number of arguments posed by ACCC in against of Google Inc. Some of those mentionable arguments are: in the perspective of ACCC Google was involved in the creation of the sponsored link because the technology is utilized by Google itself in order to create and present the sponsored links. Thus, this involvement makes Google more than just a publisher. So, on the basis of Section 52 of TPA ACCC made the argument that Google Inc was engaged in misleading and deceptive act (Hcourt. 2010). In other to defend these charges, Google Inc presented to the High Court every applicable aspect of the sponsored links, further mentioned that as compared to the fundamental aspects of the technical facilities provided to the advertisers the technical facilities of Google as provided to others were not different and most importantly, the commercial relations between advertisers and other traders were not within the boundary of Google. In this particular case there were number of elements that could have resulted in the inclusion under the provisions of the Section 75B of the TPA, resulting in proving Google as criminal for commencing misleading and deceptive behavior (Hwlebsworth, 2013). But it was given a clean cheat on the basis of the particular circumstances of this case which includes the level of Googles involvement in terms of determination of the sponsored links contents. Conclusion In the conclusion it could be stated that the core purpose of the consumer laws is not to protect the consumers from any kind of misconduct, misleading and deceptive behavior and protect the interest of the consumer. It further ascertains that if any such incidents occur against the consumers they get fair justice and get the get deserved with the help of these laws. References Hwlebsworth, 2013 [online] Google victory over consumer watchdog: Google v ACCC.publications/publications/technology-media-and-communications/item/977-google-victory-over-consumer-watchdog-google-v-accc.html [Accessed 19 May 2016]. The Australian Consumer Law, 2016 [online] Consumerlaw.gov.au. Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, 2013. Farrell, C., 2010. Citizen and consumer involvement in UK public services. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 34(5), pp.503-507. Hannebery, J., Sapountsis, J., Hannebery, J. and Sapountsis, J., 2016. Australian consumer law update: ACCC cases targeting false or misleading representations | Davies Collison Cave Australia. [online] Davies.com.au. Hcourt.gov.au., 2012. [online] High Court of Australia: Google Inc v. Australian Competition and Consumer Commission. Robertson, I. and Berry, S., 2014. ACCC to pursue companies that breach consumer laws - Consumer Protection - Australia. Sinha, R., 2011. Consumer laws. New Delhi: Global India Publications. SOVERN, J., 2014. Fixing Consumer Protection Laws So Borrowers Understand Their Payment Obligations. J Consum Aff, 48(1), pp.17-33.